Current Controversies in Preventing HIV Maternal-to-Child Transmission After viewing this activity, participants will demonstrate the ability to: define the principles involved in preventing HIV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), recognize the awareness of the risks and benefits of anti-retroviral (ARV) therapy when treating HIV-positive pregnant women, identify current DHHS recommendations in the use of Cesarean section and ARV to prevent HIV MTCT. (Javascript is required to view Mediasite content)